Small Glossary (2,000 words) Turkmen - English This is just the initial notes for what later became the Turkmen English Dictionary project. The final version was extensively checked with local language experts, has about 5 times as many words, includes multiple meanings, correct phonetics, grammar lessons, etc. etc. In the final versions, all entries are in the new Turkmen Alphabet. (The Taze Elipbi) The draft of the final version was completed as a SPA project of Peace Corps Turkmenistan. It is being used by various organization in Turkmenistan. It is available at in MS Word format at: http://www.people.virginia.edu/~fgl2q/dict.doc We're proud to say that it was, to our knowledge, the first completed Turkmen/English English/Turkmen dictionary. The following little glossary was an intial foray into the language before we even thought of writing a dictionary. It was the work of myself, Jon, and Meena. It is not free from errors, but it should serve as a useful tool for someone to compare Turkmen to other languages, and learn a few Turkmen words. Thanks to our Peace Corps Turkmen language instructions and to our Turkmen friends. For more information about Turkmenistan, visit the Turkmenistan Chaihana: URL: http://hobbes.itc.virginia.edu/~fgl2q/turkmeni.html A abadan made well abadancylyk prosperity abray reputation abuna subscription abunachy subscriber abzallar outfit, entourage ach hungry, open ach goz greedy achar key achmak to open achyk open achylysh opening ada island adam person, man adamkarchilik humanity adamzat humanity adatcha normal, okay adyndaky named after aga uncle, older brother agach tree, wood agaran creamy froth of chal agdarmak to turn over or mix aglamak to cry agram weight agtyk grandchild agyl sheep hold agyr heavy agyrmak to hurt agyrtmak to hurt, cause pain agyz mouth agyz beklemek to fast agza member agzybir as one agzybirlik unity/togetherness agshamak to limp agshamlyk nahar dinner ahyryn after all, finally ajayp wonderful, beautiful ajykmak to be hungry ak white ak tam White House akmak to flow, also stupid akylly smart akyuzli pale alachsyzlyk emergency alada etmek to look after alaka rat alchak friendly, social aljyramak to be nervous alma apple almak to take altmysh sixty alty six altyn gold alyjy buyer alym scientist alyp gelmek to come taking, to bring alysh-chalysh exchange amala ashmak hasyl bolmak aman safe amatly handy anglatmak to signify angly sober angry opposite angsat easy ap-ak whitest ar revenge ar almak to take revenge ara middle ara alyp maslahatlashmak to debate araba cart (animal driven) arachak fronteir, arachy intermediary aradan chykmak to die arak vodka aralyk middle, center space arassa clean arassalamak to clean, peel arka back arkalashmak to give a hand to, assist arkaly with the help of arkayyn at ease arkayyn bolmak to count on artdyrma increase artmak to increase/peel a potato artyk extra artykmach spare ary bee arzan inexpensive arzuw dream, wish arzuw etmek to wish asgyrmak to sneeze asmak to hang up asman air, sky asylyp durmak tohang, be hanging asyr century at first name/noun/horse at chalysma pronoun at chapyshyk horse race at yatak horse stable at yuzli narrow atagzy pliers atly famous atmak to fire a weapon/to add to drink or food aw hunt awchy hunter awlamak to hunt awy poison ay moon, month ayak leg, end ayakgap shoe ayal woman, wife ayat memorial ceremony ayaz frost aydylys pronunciation aygyr stallion aylag gulf aylamak to turn, reflect aylanma rotation aylanmak to rotate, revolve, go around aylar seasons ayna window, glass, mirror aynadan reflective ayry different ayy bear ayyp worthy of blame ayyplamak to blame az little, few azar trouble, pain azar bermek to give trouble, pain azat free azatlyk freedom azashmak to get lost azyk food ashgazan stomach A a ah!, I see! abermek to give, serve, get ready, lodge a complaint, set an example... adik boot adikchi shoemaker adim footstep adimlemek to step, march aga care aga bolmak to take care agirt huge, very aha ah!, I see! aheng tone ahey yo, hi (greeting) ahlepus ahli all, the whole, full ahlihalk nationwide ahlumumy universal, general ahmiyet meaning, significance, importance ahmiyetli significant, considerable aht vow, pledge, promise ahtibar reliable, dependable, authentic ahtimal possibly ahtiyalanlyk treachery, perfidy akitmek to carry, take away aklemek to bring, deliver alem universe, world alem-jahan universe, world alemgoshar rainbow ang lower jaw angetmek 1. to look at 2. to look over apet mighty, powerful apishge window ar husband ar-ayal married couple asgermek to consider, regard, respect asgermezchilik neglect, disdain asgermezlik neglect, disdain at bolmak to be careful atiyach caution, heed atiyachly cautious, careful atishgir railroad pliers, tongs atlemek 1. to step 2. to cross, transgress atmek to step awmek to feel, react, respond to awmezlik slowness, tardiness (?) awul-sawul by chance (?) aynek glasses, spectacles ashgar open, obvious, evident ashgarlik openness, obviousness B baba grandfather bag garden, tree bagana sheep skin bagly dependent bagly bolmak to depend on bagt luck bagtly happy (with luck) bagyr liver bagyshlamak to forgive/dedicate/devote baha mark, grade, price bahana excuse bahar spring bajyp significant, important bak tank, vessel bakja melonfield bakmak to graze animals baky eternal bal honey balak pants balyk fish barada about barlag ish quiz barlagchy examiner barlamak to check, examin barlyk being barmak finger, to go basganchak step(s) basmak to press basym soon basysh pressure batberek kite batga slime, mud bay rich baydak flag baygush owl bayrak prize, reward bayram festival baytal mare bayyr hill bash head bash egme worship bash egmek to worship bash tutan boss, chief basharjan efficient basharmak to be able to bashga other bashga zat other things bashgacha otherwise bashlamak to begin bashlangych primary bashlyk boss, hetman babek baby bahbit profit bari since, this side of basdesh rival bash five beden body beden terbiye physical training bedre pail begench joy belent majestic belka squirrel belki apparent bellenme nomination bellenmek to nominate, make known bergi debt bergidar debtor berhizli on a diet berk firm, strong berkitmek to fortify besdir that's enough! betbagtlyk accident, misfortune betnyshan ugly beyan etmek to retell, relate beyannama declaration beyi quince beyik great, grand beyni brain bezeg decoration bezemek to decorate bezemen well-dressed biderek worthless biguna innocent bigunalik innocence bil waist bilbil nightingale bile together bilen with bilgeshleyin on purpose binyat eternally joined (?) bir one, a bir menzesh identical biraz a little birazajyk a little bit birden suddenly birdenka all of a sudden birhili strange, somewhat birinjilik priority birleshen united birleshik union birleshmek to unite birlik unit birmengzesh identical birnache some biz we bogaz inlet (geo) throat bogun syllable bok feces bokurdak throat bolmak to be, happen borch duty boy height boyun neck boyun almak to admit, confess boyuncha on, along, according to bozguch eraser bozmak to erase bozulan out of tune, out of whack bolek part, portion bolekleyin partial bolum section bowrek kidney bowurslen blackberry bu this bug steam bugarmak to evaporate bugday wheat bugday renk dark in complexion bulam-bujar confusion bulashdyrmak to mix up bulashyk entangled bulut cloud burch angle, corner, pepper burgut eagle but thigh buysanch pride buysanjan proud buysanmak to be proud buz ice butin whole, throughout butinly completely CH chadyr tent chaga child chagalar bagy kindergarden chagalyk childhood chagarmak to call, invite chagarysh invitation chak etmek to guess chaklamak to guess chakyr alcohol chal fizzy dairy product chalaja a little chalyshmak to change chalshyrmak to change clothes chap etme publication chap etmek to publish chapmak to chop charsenbe Wednesday charwa nomad chay tea chaykamak to rinse chage sand chak border, limit chaksiz limitless, boundless chare cure chaynik teapot chekich hammer chekimli ses vowel chekimsiz ses consonant chekinmede feel free to... chekinmek to withdraw oneself chekishme etmek to debate chekishmeler debate chekmek to pull, carry, draw, smoke chemche spoon chemen wreath chenemek to chew chep left cheper skillful cheper eser fiction cheperchilik fine arts cheshme source chigit sunflower seed chigmal raw materials chilim cigarette chishme inflammation chishmek to become inflamed chorba Turkmen soup chowdary rye chol desert choplemek to pick up chorek bread chozmek to decide chozush solution chung deep chungngur profound chuy nail chuyshe bottle chybyn mosquito chyg raw chygly moist chykalga exit chykarmak to remove chykdayjy expense chykmak to leave, go out chykysh performance, speech chykysh etmek to perform chyn true chyn yurekden sincerely chynlakay in earnest chynyurekdeshlik sincerity chyzmak to underline chyzyk line D dabara ceremony dabaraly solemn dag mountain dalchyn carnation damja drop dammak to drip dang dawn dang atmak to dawn danmak to tie, fasten dar narrow darak comb daramak to comb dassh far, distant datmak to taste dawa conflict, argument dawalashmak to argue dayaw strong dayhan peasant dayza aunt, ma'am dash stone dashary yurt dili foreign language dashky outer, exterior dashlykdaky remote dade uncle, father (Balkan dialect) dal not dane seed, pit dap tradition dap-dessur custom degerli efficient degishli concerning, in relation to degishli bolmak to belong degmek to touch, to affect dellek barber dellekhana barber shop dem breath, vapor dem almak to breathe demir metal demirgazyk north demlemek to make tea deng equal dengesdirmek to oppose, compare dengiz ocean denglik equality depder notebook depe hill, top deprek drum der animal's skin, sweat dere valley dereje degree dereksiz unmotivated deri skin derman medicine dermanhana drugstore derrew at once derweze gate derya river deshik hole deshmek to puncture dil tongue, language dilden orally dileg prayer dilemek to pray din religion dinge only dinglemek to listen dingleyji listener diri alive diwar wall diyen yaly almost diymek to say dish tooth dishlemek to bite dodak lip doga okamak to pray dogan brother doglan guni birthday doglush birth dograma sheep's head and bread bits dogramak to cut to pieces dogruchyl honest dogry true, right dogulmak to be born dogumly determined dokalmak to be woven dolamak to wrap dolandyrmak to govern, manage dolandyrys management doly thick, full(y), completely domma quiet, reserved don Turkmen robe dongan rigid, frozen dongdurma ice cream dongdurmak to freeze donguz pig dost friend (male or nueter) dostluk friendship dowam etmek to continue dowamynda during dowzah hell dokmek to spill dokun manure donuk traitor donuklik treason dorediji creator doretme creation doretmek to create doretmek to start, create, found dort four dos pile, heap dow giant dowlet goverment dowmek to break dowrunde during dosh breast duk mixed up dul widower dul ayal widow duman fog duralga stop durmak to stop/to cost durmush life, existence durmusha chykan married (gyz) durmusha chykmak to marry (gyz) durnukly stable durnuklylyk stability duruzmak to stop duydurmak to warn duydurysh warning duygy sense, feeling duymak to feel duz salt dushenbe Monday dushmak to meet, encounter dushman enemy dushushmak to meet dushushyk meeting dukan store, shop dunyewi secular, worldly durli diverse, different durli-durli diverse, different durs correct durtguch stamp for bread duye camel duyegush ostrich duyn yesterday duyp bush, shrub/bottom/essence duysh dream duysh gormek to have a dream duz etmek to repair, mend duzgun rule duzmek to compose, put together dushek cushion, mattress dushmek to get off, dismount dushnukli clear dushnukli understood, clear dushundirish explanation dushundirmek to explain dushunje notion dymyk humid dynch rest dynch almak to take a rest, vacation dyrmak rake dyrnak nail (toe or finger) dyz knee dyz knee E edebiyat literature edepli well-bred edil exact edilen made of edilmek to be made of edip bilmek to be able to do edrench ugly eger (de) if eje mother ejiz feeble, weak eken really ekin crop ekiz twin ekmek to plant el hand el charpmak to applaud, clap elbetde of course ele almak to know deeply elek sieve elim glue elipbiy alphabet ellemek to touch, handle, to shake hands elleshmek to shake hands elli fifty emedeklemek to crawl emma but endik habit ene grandmother ene-atalar parents entak still, yet entegem still, yet engek chin eplemek to fold erbet bad erbetlik badness eremek to melt, thaw erjel persistent erteki fairy tale, story ertirlik nahar breakfast (morning meal) esaslsandyrmak to found esasy basic esger soldier essalawmaleykim formal greeting esse time (x) et meat eye owner eye bolmak to own eywan veranda eyyam era eyyam already ezenek lazy eshek donkey eshik clothes eshikler clothes eshitmek to hear eshret pleasure, comfort eshretli pleasurable, comfortable G gabahatchylyk dastardly deed, evildoing gabak eyelid gabanjang jealous gabat gelmek to coincide gabaw trap, seige gachalga refuge gachgak refugee gachmak to flee, retreat/to drop (on its own) gachyrmak to drop gadym ancient gadymy antiquity gadyrly dear one gahar anger gahar gelmek to get angry gahar getirmek to anger gaharjan angry gaharly mean-spirited galam pencil, spoon (Yomud) galkynysh revival galmak to stay galyng bride price gam chekmek to mourn gamgyn sad gamly sad gamysh reed gan blood ganab ditch ganat wing gap bowl gapak cover gapan trap gapdal side gapgach dishes, utensils gaplang tiger gapmak to catch gara black garagol disorderly garalmak to blacken, darken garalyshmak to wait for someone garamazdan despite garanky dark, darkness garawul guard garawul durmak to stand guard garayagyz dark complexioned garayysh attitude garashly dependent garashly bolmak to depend on garashmak to wait garashsyzlyk independent garlawach swallow (bird) garmak to mix with, shuffle garpyz watermelon garsylyk obstacle garyndash relative garynja ant garshy against garshy chykmak to disagree, object garshydash adversary garshylyk gorkezme protest garshylyk gorkezmek to protest gatnamak to attend on a regular basis gatnawy route gatnashmak to attend, be present at gatnashyjy participant gatnashyk relations gatyshyk various gawun melon gaychy scissors gaydym derejesi passive voice gaydyshyn return gaygy etmek to worry gaygyly sad, worrisome gayrat strength, hutzpah gaytargy change (money) gaytarmak to give back, return gazan big palow pan gazanch earnings gazanmak to earn gazmak to dig gash eyebrow gami ship gechelge passage gechirmek to run, control gechis transition gechmek to pass gechmish the past geday beggar gelin bride gelinalyjy wedding caravan gelip chykmak to originate gelip chykysh origin geljek future gelmek to come, arrive gelshiksiz disadvantageous, hideous gelshiksizlik disadvantage geplemek to speak geplemezlik silence gepleshikler negotiation(s) gepleshmek to converse gerb emblem gezelench etmek to go for a walk, stroll gezmek to wander gidishin going, one way gidishin-gaydyshyn round trip gije night ging wide gingleme expansion ginglemek to expand girelge entrance girishmek to embark upon girmek to enter gizlenmek to conceal gizlin secret, illegal, hidden goch ram gol arm gol chekmek to sign (to pull arm) golay next, near golayynda at gollamak to support gonamchylyk graveyard gonmak to land gongur brown gorag fence goramak to defend, protect gorayysh protection gorkak coward gorkaklyk cowardice gorkmak to fear gorkunch monster, frightful gowak cave gowlamak to make a bed gowrak more than gowushmak to give gowy good gowy gormek to like, be fond of gowylandyrmak to improve gowylyk goodness gowshak weak goybermek to allow, permit, let goymak to put goyulmak to be placed, given goyun sheep goyy thick (liquid) gosh things, baggage goshant contribution goshar wrist goshawuch handful goshmacha appendix goshmak to add on, insert goshulma suffix gochurmek to copy godek rude gok blue gok onum vegetable gole calf gom-gok bluest goni straight gonukme exercise (in a book) goresh wrestling goreshmek to fight, wrestle gormek to see gornukli visible, eminent, attractive gornush kind, type, appearance, view gorunmek to seem, appear gorush vision gotermek to pick up gownune degilmek to be offended gownune degmek to offend gownune gotermek to cheer up gowreli pregnant gowun soul goz eye goz ongunde tutmak to aim goz yash tear gozbashy origin gozleg research gozlemek to look for, seek grek hozy walnut grim make-up gujak embrace gujaklamak to embrace gujaklashmak to embrace gujuk puppy gujurly energetic gulak ear gulak asmak to listen attentively gulak salmak to listen attentively gulmak to pour gulp lock gulplamak to lock guradylan dried gurak arid gural tool gurama organization guramachy organizer guramak to organize/to wither gurbaga frog gurjak doll gurlush construction gurlushykchy carpenter gurmak to build, construct gurultay assembly, meeting gutarmak to finish, be over gutarnykly ultimate gutarysh conclusion gutulmak to get better (health) guty box guwanch pride guwanmak to be proud of guyruk tail gush bird gul flower gulki laughter gulkunch ridiculous, funny gulle flourishing gullemek to flourish gulmek to laugh gumana hardly gumruk customs gumrukhana customs house gumur-yamyr chit-chat gun day/sun gun tertibi agenda guna sin gunasa every other day gunakar one at fault gunali guilty gunbatar west gundelik diary gundiz daylight gundogar east gune yanmak to get sunburnt gunebakar sunflower guneshli sunny gunorta south gunortan noon gunortanlyk nahar dinner gunung dogmagy sunrise gunung yashmagy sunset gur thick, dense gurrung discussion, chatter guw swan guych strength guychli strong guyguch ladel gybat gossip gybat etmek to gossip gybatkesh gossipper gygyrmak to gab, chatter, whistle, cry out gykylyk wail, outcry gykylykchy blabber, wailer gylych sound gymmat expensive gymmatly valuable gymyldamak to stir gynanch regret gynanmak to regret gynansamda unfortunately gyp-gyzyl reddest gysga short gysganch miser gysmak to grip, press gyssagly hastily, hurriedly gyz daughter gyzgyn hot gyzmak to heat gyzykly interesting gyzyl red gysh winter H habar news habar etmek to inform habar tutmak to get news hach cross hachan when hadys prophecy hak right, perogative hakly bolmak to be entitled to hakykan reality hakyky genuine hakynda about halamak to like halas bolmak to take refuge halk citizens, people halkara international haly carpet halypa teacher, master halys totally ham animal skin hamyr dough han ruler hapa dirty hapalamak to dirty harby yagday martial law harchlamak to waste harp alphabet letter harytlar products, goods hasamak to tally up hasap tally hasaplamak to tally up hasyl harvest hat letter hawa yes hayat fence, wall hayran galmak to admire haysy which hayyr benefit hayysh request hayysh etmek to request, ask for hakim mayor hasiyet character, behavior, property hazir now hazirki modern, contemporary hazirlikche for now hek chalk heley woman, wife hem too, also hemishelik permanent hemme all, every hemmetaraplayyn comprehensive heng tune heniz now, until now hepde week hereket movement hereket etmek to move hezel pleasure hezel etmek to enjoy hich nothing hil quality, style hingngilik swing hor thin hor chekmek to snore horaz cock horlyk chekmek to suffer hormat respect hossar trustee howa weather, air howa shary baloon howda pond howly yard howlykmak to rush, hurry howp danger howpsuzlyk security hozayyn host, master hosh well, informal good-bye hoshlashmak to say good-bye hodur etmek to treat hokman mandatory hokmany necessity hokmunde as hokum verdict hokum surmek to reign hokum surmeklik reign hokumet government howes interest howurtge nest huday God, Allah hudaya chokunma prayer hukuk right hukuk bermek to entitle hurma date hususy private hushgar watchful, alert hyyanat etmek to tresspass on hyyanatchy tresspassor(?) hyyanatchylyk tresspassing hyzmat service hyzmat etmek to serve, host hyzmatdash partner hyzmatkar servant I ibermek to send ich inside, intestine ichaly spy ichigara envious ichinde inside ichmek to drink, man's sheepskin coat iki two ikinji derejeli secondary il people ilat population ilchi ambassador ilchihana embassy ileshler people ilik button ilki first ilkinji initial ing most (superlative) inche thin indi next, following indiki next indyuk turkey injir fig inkar etmek to deny ingnge needle ingrik dusk ingrik garalmak to get dark ir early irden morning islan any isleg desire isleg boyuncha at will islege layyk rational islemek to want iymit food, edible ish matter, affair, work ishchi worker ishda appetite ishger colleague ishlemek to work ishlengngir hardworking ishli busy J jady magic jadygoy magician jam bowl jang bell, ringing jang etmek to telephone jan spirit jan etmek to do one's best jankoer faithful, devoted janly alive, animated jansyz inanimate jar information jarnama appeal jay house, room, building jaylama funeral jaylamak to bury jebislik unity jedel wager jedel etmek to make a bet jedelleshmek to argue jem sum, total jemagat the public jemgyyet society jemlemek to sum up jemleyji final jenayat crime jenayatcy criminal (noun) jenayatly criminal (adj) jeren antelope jerime fine, penalty jerime salmak to fine jeza punishment, penalty jeza bermek to punish jigi younger brother jogap answer jogap bermek to answer jogapkar responsible jogapkarchilik responsibility jora friend (female to female) jorap socks joya melonfield's irrigation ditch joshgun flood jubi pocket jubut even in number julge valley jumle expression juyje chick jylaw reins jyn race, caste K kagyz paper kaka father, uncle(Balkan) kakmak to tap, dust kakylmak to kapyr infidel karar verdict karara gelmek to make up one's mind kasam oath kasam ichmek to vow, take an oath kabir some kadi pumpkin kamahal sometimes kamil best, perfect kamileshen perfect kamillik yashy majority (18 years of age) kamillik yashyna yetmek to reach majority kan much, many kar career, office karende tolegi rent karhana office kase teacup katmenlemek to chop kawagt sometimes kayemek to scold kashir carrot kebelek moth, butterfly kejebe old Turkmen gelinalyjy kelchermek to show off kelesang fool kellem cabbage kelpeze lizard kelte short kem problem, flaw kemchilik flaw kemelmek to lessen kemsiz-kostsuz flawless kenar edge, beach kepderi dove kepgir large spoon-ladel to cook palow ker deaf kerep cobweb kerpich brick kerwen caravan kesel illness, disease keselhana hospital kesgitleme definition kesgitlemek to define kesmek to cut keyp mood keyp chekmek to revel keshbi surface keshte embroidery keshte etmek to embroider kichi small kim who kirli dirty kirpik eyelash kit whale kitap book kitaphana library kitek blunt, dull kishi person kowalmak to chase, follow kowmak to expel koche street kok root kol lake kolege shade, shadow komek assistance, aid komekchi assistant komekleshmek to help komelek mushroom komur coal kone old, ancient kop much, many kopeltmek to multiply, duplicate kopluk plural kopri bridge kor blind korpe littlest child kowush shoes, sandals koynek shirt(m), dress(f) koshk palace kuwwat strong, strength kul ash kuldan ashtray kunnuk silver jug for water kuysemek to miss kuyze jug kusht chess kyn difficult kynchylyk difficulty kyrk forty kyssa short poem kyssachy writer of a short poem L lakam nickname lakgy talkative layyk appropriate layyk bolmak to conform layyklyk-da in conformity with lenta ribbon lomay sowda wholesale M magaryf education magaryfchy educator maglumat information mahrum devoid makala article (of magazine) maksat purpose makullamak to approve mal cattle maldar farmer mamla right, correct manglay forehead maslahat council, advice maslahatlashmak to confer mata fabric mawy pink maymyn monkey mayyl warm mazar grave mazmuny content mashgala family mahelle crowd mahirli pleasant, warm mahri compassion mahriban dear malim definite mamishi orange matach bolmak to need mebel furniture medeni cultural medeniyeti culture mejbur etmek to enforce mejbury compulsory mekdep school mekejewen corn mekir snobbish, closed, cunning mele brown men I mengzemek to look like mengzesh similar, resemblance merdiwan ladder merhum dead merkez center mert courageous mes fertile mesele problem meselem for example... mesge butter metbugat the press metjid mosque meydan field meshhur famous meshhurlyk fame millet nationality milli national minnetdar greatful miras inheritance miras almak to inherit miraschy successor miwe fruit molla mullah mochber volume mohlet term of office mohum important moy spider mugallym teacher mugallym teacher mukaddes holy mum wax mundan ong ago, before murt moustache mudir chief, boss mumkin possible, maybe mumkinchilik possibility, chance mumkinchilik etmek to enable mung thousand munmek to mount, board, get on myhman guest, foreigner myhmanhana hotel, guest house myhmansoyer hospitable myhmansoyerlik hospitality mylakatly open, honest mynasyp bolmak to deserve mysal example mysal uchin for example myshmysh rumor N nagysh intricate nagysh chekmek to embroider nahal sapling nahar food naharhana cafeteria namart cowardly namaz prayer nan bread nar pomegranite narpyz mint nas green recreational powder nazar view, sight nache how much? nachelik what number? nahili how? nahos unwell, unhealthy name what? name uchin why namede bolsa bir zat anything narazychylyk wail, scream, outcry nasag bolmak to be ill nesil generation netije conclusion, result neshir ediji publisher neshir etmek to publish nire where nirede where niyet intention nobat queue nobat tutmak to queue up nokat period (punctuation) noyba type of bean nur light nusga example, model nygtamak to emphasize nyrh price, fee nysan symbol/aim nysan almak to take aim O oba village oba hojalygy agriculture ogramak to thieve ogry thief ogul son ogshamak to kiss ok bullet okamak to read, study okatmak to teach oklamak to throw oklaw rolling pin okuw learning, school, educational okuwchy pupil okyjy reader ol she, he, it olar they onchakly so much onda here ongarmak to be able to ongat good ongayly comfortable/successful orak sickle ormak to reap ors Russian orscha Russian language orsyet Russia orta middle ortasynda in the center orun seat orunbasary understudy(?) ot grass otag room otamak to weed otur comma oturgych seat, chair oturlyshyk party oturmak to sit otuz thirty owadan pretty, nice oyanmak to wake up oylamak to consider oylamazdan at random oylanma consideration oylap tapmak to invent oylap tapyjy inventor oylyk oasis (?) oynawach toy oytak naturally formed bakja oyun game ozal ago O ochen extinct ochurmek to switch off okde skilled, talented olcheg size, measure olchemek to measure olcheyish measurement oli dead olmek to die olum death olum derejesi death rate omur life omurlik lifelong, for life ong front, ago, past onmek to produce onum product onumchilik production ongunde in front of opmek to kiss opush kiss ordek duck orkuch hump ormek to braid hair, knit osdurmek to grow, cultivate osmek to grow, develop osush growth, development oten past otunch apology otunch soramak toapologize owey step- (mother, father) owgi praise owmek to praise owrenmek to learn owretmek to teach, instruct owulya graveyard oy home oy hojalykchy homemaker oyken lung oykunmek to imitate oyle/oylan afternoon oytmek to think oz self oz kelle self-centered ozara mutual ozbashdaklyk independence, self-rule ozmek to repay a debt ozum myself ozuni alyp barysh behavior, conduct ozunge chekmek to attract P pachak melon skin pagta cotton pakgarmak to swell pallamak to yawn palta axe papak cap para bribe parahatchylyk peace parta desk partlama explosion partlamak to explode patysha king pay share paychy shareholder payhasly sensible, wise paylamak to distribute paytagt capital pahim wise saying pahimli rational paki razor pasgel troble, bother pasgel bermek to bother penje paw penjire window penshenbe Thursday perishde angel pero pen pes low, short peseltme reduction peseltmek to reduce peyda use, usefulness peyda bolmak to emerge peydaly useful pikir opinion pikir etmek to think pikirlenmek to think pil shovel, elephant pishik cat pul money pychak knife pychgy saw pygamber prophet pyshyrdamak to whisper R rahat peaceful razy in agreement with razy bolmazlyk disagreement razylashmak to agree razylyk harmony rahnet pleasure rehimdar generous rehimli generous renk color renkli colorful, colored resmi official, formal roman novel rugsat permission ruh spirit, soul ruhy spiritual rul wheel S sabyn soap sabyr patience sabyr et God bless you sabyrly patient sach hair sach orumi braid, plait sag healthy sagat hour; watch, clock sagatlyk hour's worth sagdyn healthy saglyk health sagmak to milk sahypa page sakar kelle bald sakchy watchman sakgal beard saklamak to keep saklanan second-hand saklayysh upkeep, maintenence salam simple greeting salamlashmak to greet, say hi salgyt tribute, payment salkyn cool sallanchak crib salmak to put, put up salyhatly serious samsyk fool san number sanamak to count sandyk chest (hope chest) sap sary yellowest sapak thread; lesson sapar journey; time (in series) sary yellow sarymsak garlic satmak to sell satyjy seller, clerk satyn almak to buy, purchase satynalmak to sell sawchylar matchmaker saylama choice saylamak to choose, elect saylanan chosen saylaw election saz music sazanda musician sebap cause, reason segsen eighty seh r. shop, guild sekiz eight sellofan r. cellophane sellyuloza r. cellulose sement r. cement sementlemek to cement semiz fat sen you, (s) senagat industry senet craft sentner r. sentner (100 kg.) sepmek to sprinkle serche sparrow seretmek to look at sergezdan bum, vagrant sergi exhibition serhet border serhosh drunkard serishde remedy sermek to spread out ses sound, voice setir line seyrek seldom sifr r. figure, number sifrlemek to count, to figure silindr r. cylinder sindirmek to digest sink r. zinc singek fly sirk r. circus sirkul r. circle sisterna r. cistern sitada r. quotation sitirlemek to quote siz you (pl) sishenbe Tuesday sogan onion sokmak to insert solgun pale solmak to fade song then, later songra later sorag question sorag bermek to question soramak to ask sowatly literate sowly successful sowmak to spend money sowsuzlyk failure sowuk cold soymak to skin sobeshmek to fight sohbet discussion sonen extinct sowda commerce sowda etmek to make a trade sowdager merchant sowmek to swear (curse) soygi love soyguli favorite soymek to love soz word sozbashy title sozlem sentence sozluk dictionary subut etmek to prove subutnama proof sugun deer sungat art surat picture suratlandyrma description suratlandyrmak to describe suw water suwarmak to water suwsamak to be thirsty suwuk thin, fluid sunbul stalk of wheat sunnet circumcision sungk bone supurmek to sweep surgun exile surgun etmek to exile suri flock surmek to drive sutuk fur sutukli furry sutun column, pillar suyji sweet, candy suyjichil sweet tooth suyri oval suyt milk suyshmek to move suzguch filter suzme one of them ubiquitous milk things suzmek to strain, filter sychan mouse sygyr cow sygyrmak to whistle sylag respect sylamak to respect syn survey, review syn etmek to review synag approval synanmak to try, attempt synp class, caste sypat adjective, appearance syr mystery syrgyn blizzard syrkaw ill; patient syrkawlamak to be ill syrly mysterious syyahat journey syyahat etmek to travel syyahatchy traveller syyasat policy, politics T taba pan tabyt coffin tabshyrmak to hand over tagam dish, taste, flavor tagamly tasty takmynan almost takyk exact takyrlyk cracked desert area tam house tamamlamak to conclude tamdyr clay oven for baking chorek tanamak to recognize tanysh acquaintance tanysh bolmak to meet (lit. to become acquaintance) tanyshdyrmak to introduce tapmacha riddle tarap side tarapdar supporter taryh history taryp etmek to speak highly taslamak to give up tassyklamak to ratify tayak pole, rod taychanak foal taypa tribe, clan tayyar ready tayyarlamak to prepare tayyyn ready tach crown tak odd in # taley fate, lot tasir impression tasir etmek to influence tasir galdyrmak to impress taze new tazeden again tazelenmek to renew tegelek round tejribe experience tejribeli experienced tekiz smooth tekje level, shelf teklip offer teklip etmek to make an offer telefon etmek to telephone telpek hat temmaki tobacco temmi punishment temmi bermek to punish ten flesh terbiye upbringing terjime translation terjimekchi translator tertibe chagyrmak to discipline, call order tertip order tertipli ordered, disciplined tikinchi tailor tikmek to sew tilki fox tire tribe tiz fast, quickly tizlik speed togalak spherical tohum seed tokay forest tomus summer top ball tor net tow bermek to give a turn towlamak to turn, rotate towshan rabbit toy big-ass fiesta tohmet slander tohmet atmak to slander toleg payment tolemek to pay tongnge stump tor head of the table totanden casual, by accident toweleme excellent towerek surroundings towir (galdyrmak) post-meal prayer turmak to rise turuzmak to wake someone turshy sour tussag prisoner tutma grip tutmak to hold, catch, take tupeng rifle turgenleshik training turma basmak to imprison turme prison tusse to smoke tusselemek to smoke (give off smoke) tuweley gust tuykurrmek to spit tygshytlamak to spare tygshytlylyk economy U uchar airplane uchmak to fly uchush flight ugramak to set off (a vehicle) ugratmak to see off uklamak to sleep ukyp experience ukyply able ukyplylyk ability ulanmak to utilize ulumsy snobbish umuman usually, ordinary umumy common, usual umyt hope umyt etmek to hope un flour urmak to strike usul manner utanch shame utandyrmak to embarass, to shame utanjang shy utanmak to be shy utmak to win utulmak to lose (a game) uzak long U uch three ulje cherry umsum meek uns attention uns bermek to pay attention upjun complete, in full supply upjun etmek to supply, provide usgurlewuk cough usgurmek to cough ust surface usti bilen via, by way of ustunlik success, achievement uwremek to rock (a cradle) uytgemek to change (by itself) uytgetmek to change uzulmek to break (by itself) uzum grapes W wagt time wagtlayyn temporary wagyz etmek to preach wagyz-nesihat sermon wagzal station waka situation waleykimessalam response to formal greetng wangkyrmak to wail watan country we and wekil representative weli but, but also wepa truth wepaly true, honest wepalylyk allegiance wepat dead, finished wepat bolan deceased wepat bolmak to die wertolyot helicopter wesyetnama will (document) wezipe position, appointment, rank Y ybarat comprised of yglan etme announcement yglan etmek to announce ygtyyar etmek to allow yhlas zeal ykbal fate, destiny ykdysady economic ykdysadyyet economics ykrar etme recognition ykrar etmek to recognize ylalyshmak to agree ylalyshyk harmony, agreement ylgamak to run ylham inspiration ymam one who has made Mecca pilgrimage ynam belief ynamly reliable ynandyrmak to convince ynanmak to believe ynha here yns-jyns nothing & noone ynsan human yramak to swing yslanan rotten ysmanak spinach ysmynak spinach yz backside yzynda behind Y yabany wild yadaw tired yadawlyk fatigue yadygarlik monument, memory, souvenir yag oil yagday situation, condition yaglyk scarf yagmak to precipitate yagty well lit yagyn precipitation yagshy good yakymly nice, pleasant yakymsyz mean yakyn near yakynda the other day yalan false yalanach naked yalanchy liar yalandan false yalngysh mistake yalngyshmak to be mistaken yalpak shallow yalta still, idle, lazy yaltanmak to be idle, lazy, to tire yaly like yaly-la seems yalyn flame yang echo yangak cheek yangy yakynda recently yangyja just now yap ditch yapgy cover yaprak leaf yapyshdyrmak to stick yara wound yarag weapon yaralamak to wound yaramak to like yarashmak to make up (become friends) yardam aid, help yardam etmek to help yary half yarylma explosion yarylmak to explode, to crack, split yarym half yarysh race, competition yasamak to craft, make yasy flat yat mind yatdan chykarmak to forget yatlamak to remember yatmak to lie down, sleep yatyrlma abolition yatyrmak to abolish yazmak to write, lay down yazuw writing yazyjy writer yazyk sin yazykly guilty yazyksyz innocent yazyksyzlyk innocence yazylmak to subscribe yazylysyk subscription yash age, young yashamak to live yashayysh life, living yashmak really seductive bridal scarf yashyl green yedi seven yegen neice or nephew yeke lone, only yekshenbe Sunday yelek feather yelim glue yemlemek to stick yene again, another yengiji victor yengil light, easy yengillik privilege yengish victory yengmek to defeat yer place yer titremesi earthquake yer shary globe yerine yetirmek to complete yerleshmek to be situated, to get situated yerli local yerlikli proper, appropriate yeser gozler shifty eyed yeterlik enough yetim orphan yetishmek to be on time, to make (the bus) yetmek to suffice yetmish seventy yigit fellow yigrimi twenty yitelmek to sharpen yiti sharp yitirmek to lose yogsa or else, otherwise yogsa-da by the way yogyn wide, thick yok no, not present yokarsyna above yokary chykmak to climb yol road, way yolagchy passenger yolbars lion yoldash companion yollamak to send yolmak to pick fruit yolunmak to break (uzulmek) yowuz hard yone however yonekey simple yonekme subject (of a sentence) yoremek to walk yorite special yumruk fist yumurtga egg yumush duty, errand yuwdum a swallow yuwmak to wash yuwunmak to wash oneself yuwutmak to swallow yuk baggage, load yung wool yup rope yupek silk yurege dushmek to annoy, bother yuregine duwmek to decide (set your heart) yurek heart yurek gysmak to miss yuz face/one hundred yuz tutmak to see, to go and see (?) yuze chykmak to arise yuzlenme treatment yuzlenmek to treat yuzmek to swim yuzuk ring yygmak to pick, gather yygnak gathering yygnamak to gather, collect yygnashdyrmak to tidy up yygrench hateful yygrenmek to hate yygy-yygydan often yygyrmak to wrinkle yygyrt wrinkled yykylmak to fall yyl year yylan snake yyldyrym lightning yyldyrym chakmak lightning to strike yylgyrmak to smile yylgyrys smile yyly pleasant, warm Z zaman epoch, era, time zamcha type of melon zat thing zayalamak to pollute, spoil zayalanan spoiled zaherli poisonous zahmet labor zelel harm zergar jeweler zerur necessary zerurlyk need zeyrench complaint zeyrenmek to complain zynjyr chain zyngmak to throw zyyan harm sh sha king, ruler shadyyan cheerful shah horn shaha branch shahadatnama certificate shahandaz well-liked shahs personality shahsy personal shapak color of sky at dawn sharlawuk waterfall shat happy, joyful shatlyk happiness, joy shayat witness shayat bolmak to witness shagirt apprentice shaher city shanik pit (of fruit) sheker sugar sheker chingrigi sugarbeet, sugarcane shemal breeze shenbe Saturday sherap wine, alcohol shert conditions shertnama contract, agreement shetdaly peach sheyle as such, in this way sheyle hem ...as well as... sheytan devil shire sticky shohrat glory shohratparaz ambitious, vain shu this shubhelenme suspicion shubhelenmek to suspect shubhelenyan suspicious shygar slogan shygyr poem shshi beet soup Copyright Pallipamu, Garret, Lastowka 1996 All rights reserved Do not copy or distribute without prior permission of authors